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Blue Planet & OIC

Living Underwater A major step forward in human underwater exploration was in the year 1960 with the maiden dive of the Trieste bathyscaphe, a submersible, to the Challenger Deep at a depth of almost 10,916 meters. An ocean exploration company is currently investing around £ 100 m in a former deep diving site in U.K

Universities & Oceanographic Vessels

Polar Ice Vessels & Ramming Ocean going research vessels require accurate and precise navigation as all oceanographic sampling is associated with a time and location.Navigation methods have changed from earlier traditional methods of using sextant and chronometer to satellite positioning. Polar research vessels features incorporate endurance upto 90 days, helicopter support, special provisions for cold

Inland Waterways – Cost of Doing Business

Inland Waterways Part II Reducing Cost of Doing Business by lowering Freight & Transportation Charges Mr Arshad Abbasi , renowned Inland Waterway expert , has opined that the maritime or blue economy can be synergised with and expanded by inland water transportation (IWT).  In his professional view all shipments from Peshawar to Karachi can be

Territorial Waters and Maritime Zones Act, 1976

Territorial Waters and Maritime Zones Act, 1976 (of 22 December 1976) Short title and commencement 1. (1) This Act may be called the Territorial Waters and Maritime Zones Act, 1976. (2) It shall come into force at once. Territorial waters 2. (1) The sovereignty of Pakistan extends and has always extended to the territorial waters

Port Chabahar Exempted from Sanctions

Iranian Port of Chabahar exempted from US from sanctions The motive behind exempting the Iranian Port of Chabahar from sanctions by the US is attributed to its desire to bolster its ally India. Ostensibly the rationale espoused is that the Afghan economy being a continuous drain on international assistance requires a trading route through Iran.

Coastal Reclamation South China Sea

Reclamation in the South China Sea & Environmental Impact The South China Sea extends from a southwestern boundary along the parallel between Kalimantan and Sumatra northeast to a line drawn from the northern tip of Taiwan to the coast of Fukien, China. This semi­ enclosed  marine area is bordered by China, Taiwan, Hong Kong, Macau,

Russian Maritime Routes

Economic & Commercial Maritime Energy Rivalry - Urals Oil  Russia’s Urals oil is used as a reference brand for pricing of export oil mixture with the other main reference brand being Brent. It comprises a mix of heavy sour oil of  Urals and the Volga Region blended with light oil of  Western Siberia Urals crude

China’s Murky Waters

Tibetan Plateau & China's Water Games The Tibetan Plateau has become a party to an insidious water game and some of the countries in the region remain blissfully unaware of the sinister moves afoot. The Tibetan plateau’s glaciers and altitude makes Tibet the world’s third largest freshwater repository. This is why it is occasionally termed

Muslim Maritime Bloc EEZ & Oceanography

Roots of Muslim Maritime Trade The history of transregional trade in the Indian Ocean is reflective of a vibrant trade from around the 1st century AD . With the expansion of Islam into India, East Africa and Southeast Asia the Indian Ocean began to cohere as a unified global economy and subsequently bound up in

China & Blue Waters of Balochistan

China's Quest for Seaports Access & LNG Trade Commerce dependent on seaborne trade: The Chinese Communist Party declared that “maritime power” status was essential to realizing its national ambitions. In 2017 China’s imports of liquefied natural gas (LNG) rose by an unanticipated 46 % reflected in 16 operational LNG terminals importing 71 bcm emphasizing that

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