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Roots of Muslim Maritime Trade The history of transregional trade in the Indian Ocean is reflective of a vibrant trade from around the 1st century AD . With the expansion of Islam into India, East Africa and Southeast Asia the Indian Ocean began to cohere as a unified global economy and subsequently bound up in
China's Quest for Seaports Access & LNG Trade Commerce dependent on seaborne trade: The Chinese Communist Party declared that “maritime power” status was essential to realizing its national ambitions. In 2017 China’s imports of liquefied natural gas (LNG) rose by an unanticipated 46 % reflected in 16 operational LNG terminals importing 71 bcm emphasizing that
Exclusive Economic Zone & UNCLOS States Exclusive Economic Zones (EEZ) extend no more than 200 nautical miles from the territorial sea baseline and is adjacent to the 12 nautical mile territorial sea. The Part V Article 55 of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) defines the EEZ as: “The exclusive
Loan for Hambantota Port The Port of Colombo is located near the route between the Strait of Malacca and the Suez Canal, which is one of the busiest shipping lanes in the world. Around 36,000 vessels pass annually on this key corridor between Asia and Europe, including about 4,500 tankers. As the Port of Colombo has been
Coastal Province of Balochistan & Reko Diq Copper Gold Project The province of Balochistan covers almost 44% of the country in term of area yet the population is only 5% of Pakistan’s population. Its potential natural resources are still geologically undiscovered. Alarmingly net foreign direct investment in Pakistan dipped by 2.9% in the period of
National Electric Power Regulatory Authority (Nepra) approved coal price adjustment mechanism in the determination of coal upfront in 2014 leaving a caveat for review proceedings to consider potential fresh indices contingent on the formula of country of origin, calorific value, marine freight calculation revolving around time chartering rates and bunker fuel rate Echoing the views
Acquiring Russian Oil at discount- Understanding Ural Oil – Refinery Configuration of six Operational refineries in Pakistan Russia’s Urals oil is used as a reference brand for pricing of export oil mixture . The other main reference brand is Brent. It comprises a mix of heavy sour oil of Urals and the Volga Region blended
Costly Exports An analysis has been made of one of the factors which is a significant constituent of the costs involved in exports of Pakistan. This significant factor is electricity and cost of its generation. Pakistan relies heavily on thermal sources for its electricity and a high cost of electricity will negatively impact upon the
International Seabed Authority US China Race for Rare Earth / Critical Elements The International Sea Bed Authority (ISA) regulates deep seabed mining in areas beyond national jurisdiction for countries that are parties to the Law of the Sea Convention (LOSC). The U.S. is not a party to the LOSC. Under DSHMRA the U.S. may issue
US President Commander in Chief President Biden signs Executive Order to implement historic, bipartisan military justice reforms transferring decision-making authority from commanders to specialized, independent military prosecutors in cases of sexual assault, domestic violence and murder by amending the Uniform Code of Military Justice (UCMJ) , after 73 years. Strengthening US Military Justice System Congress
