Polar Ice Vessels & Ramming Ocean going research vessels require accurate and precise navigation as all oceanographic sampling is associated with a time and location.Navigation methods have changed from earlier traditional methods of using sextant and chronometer to satellite positioning. Polar research vessels features incorporate endurance upto 90 days, helicopter support, special provisions for cold
Territorial Waters and Maritime Zones Act, 1976 (of 22 December 1976) Short title and commencement 1. (1) This Act may be called the Territorial Waters and Maritime Zones Act, 1976. (2) It shall come into force at once. Territorial waters 2. (1) The sovereignty of Pakistan extends and has always extended to the territorial waters
Decision and judgement of The INTERNATIONAL COURT OF JUSTICE on Continental Shelf & Exclusive Economic Zones in South America QUESTION OF THE DELIMITATION OF THE CONTINENTAL SHELF BETWEEN NICARAGUA AND COLOMBIA BEYOND 200 NAUTICAL MILES FROM THE NICARAGUAN COAST First question formulated by the International Court of Justice (ICJ) was ; Whether a State’s entitlement
