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Marine Protected Areas Conflicts & Biodiversity

Marine Protected Areas Security & Biodiversity Protection of Marine Areas is not only about conservation of aquatic species but also defending a state’s territory against marine intruders. According to the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) maritime zones were chalked out to depict sea borders yet whether it’s the territorial sea,

Law of The Sea

Complexities of Maritime Laws In the last two decades there has been a tremendous development in maritime logistics, shipping and trade accompanied by advancement in technology, concern about exploitation of oceanic resources and a massive increase in the tonnage of sea going vessels. Approximately one third of global maritime trade, passes through the South China

Trade Disputes and Arbitration – Series Part II

Understanding the “United Nations Conference on International Commercial Arbitration” and the “Convention on the Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Arbitral Awards” in the context of External Trade Disputes Initially, the United Nations Commission on International Trade Law (UNCITRAL) was established by the UN General Assembly on December 17th, 1966 to unify international trade law as

Indian Ocean Hydrocarbons & Pakistan’s Energy Security

Part II UNCLOS and Economic Rights Coastal States The United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) grants special rights to the coastal states with regards to exploration and use of marine resources, including energy production in the area in its jurisdiction at times termed as exclusive economic zone. Economic Control of Waters

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