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China Seoul Maritime Route – Han River & Inland Waterways

Han River Major Water Source   Credit ; Korean Institute of Public Administration The Han River serves as a major water source for South Korea despite environmental concerns as industrial effluents are dumped into the river . Origin Credit : Korean Institute of Public Administration The Han River emerges as two small rivers in the

Geopolitics of Hydrography & Indian Ocean

Hydrography & Monaco The International Hydrographic Organization (IHO) is an intergovernmental organisation established in 1921 to promote cooperation among maritime nations in the field of hydrography and nautical charting. The IHO's main objective is to ensure that all the world's navigable waters are surveyed and charted to modern standards . The IHO is responsible for

Reclamation & Acid Generation in Palm Jumeirah – Blacklisting of Ports

High land Values Land  reclamation is commonly undertaken around coastal cities such as Singapore and Hong Kong as land values are excessive thereby costs are justified by estate developers. What is not highlighted is that ocean water behaviours including tidal accumulation, sea level rise, connection to wetlands and aquatic biodiversity determine the success or failure

Coastal Barriers & Flooding at Thames Estuary

Coastal Barriers & Flooding at Thames Estuary Sophisticated Flood Barriers The development of the Thames Barrier ,which commenced in 1982, has protected UK since four decades and the astonishing part is that such an old technology maintains London as a global innovator against tidal and fluvial flooding.Whenever warnings are received of significant incoming tides mammoth

Mangroves & Carbon Sequestration

Mangroves, Carbon Sequestration, Harbor Infrastructure and Coastal Degradation Urbanization and Invasion of Mangroves Swamps The rapid increase in population and corresponding urbanization in coastal megacities has been accompanied by frenzied land reclamation driven mostly by anthropogenic factors . Mangroves are prevalent all over except Antarctica. Seaward  land reclamation  entails the formation of artificial land facade

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